Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
Volume 25, Issue 5 , Pages 258-267 , October 2009

To return or to discard? Randomised trial on gastric residual volume management

  • Maria-Eulàlia Juvé-Udina

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Health, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 587, Barcelona 08007, Spain
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +34 675786360; fax: +34 934824205.
  • ,
  • Consol Valls-Miró

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
  • ,
  • Avelina Carreño-Granero

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
  • ,
  • Gemma Martinez-Estalella

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
  • ,
  • David Monterde-Prat

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Health, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 587, Barcelona 08007, Spain
  • ,
  • Carmen-Maria Domingo-Felici

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
  • ,
  • Joan Llusa-Finestres

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
  • ,
  • Gemma Asensio-Malo

      Affiliations

    • IDIBELL, Bellvitge University Hospital, ICU 2-1, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

,Accepted 15 June 2009.

References 

  1. Booker KJ, Niedringhaus L, Eden B, Arnold JS. Comparison of 2 methods of managing gastric residual volumes from feeding tubes. Am J Crit Care. 2000;9(5):318–324
  2. Burd R, Lentz C. The limitations of using gastric residual volumes to monitor enteral feedings: a mathematical model. Nutr Clin Pract. 2001;16(6):349–354
  3. Cataldi-Betcher EL, Seltzer MH, Slocum BA, Jones KW. Complications occurring during enteral nutrition support: a prospective study. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 1983;7(6):546–552
  4. Chang WK, McClave SA, Hsieh CB, Chao YC. Gastric residual volume and gastric contents measurement by refractometry. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 2007;31(1):63–68
  5. Davies AR, Froomes P, French CJ, Bellomo R, Gutteridge GA, Nyulasi I, et al. Randomised comparison of nasojejunal and nasogastric feeding in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(3):586–590
  6. De Boer SY, Masclee AA, Lam WF, Lamers CB. Effect of acute hyperglycemia on esophageal motility and lower esophageal sphincter pressure in humans. Gastroenterology. 1992;103(3):775–780
  7. Deane A, Chapman MJ, Fraser RJ, Bryant LK, Burgstad C, Nguyen NQ. Mechanisms underlying feed intolerance in the critically ill: implications for treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2007;13(29):3909–3917
  8. Dive A, Moulart M, Jonard P, Jamart J, Mahieu P. Gastroduodenal motility in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 1994;22:441–447
  9. Edwards SJ, Metheny NA. Measurement of gastric residual volume: state of the science. MedSurg Nursing. 2000;9(3):125–128
  10. Engel JM, Muhling J, Junger A, Menges T, Karcher B, Hempelmann G. Enteral nutrition practice in a surgical intensive care unit: what proportion of energy expenditure is delivered enterally?. Clin Nutr. 2003;22(2):187–192
  11. Goodwin RS. Prevention of aspiration pneumonia: a research-based protocol. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 1996;15:58–71
  12. Horn D, Chaboyer W, Schluter PJ. Gastric residual volumes in critically ill paediatric patients: a comparison of feeding regimens. Aust Crit Care. 2004;17(3):p. 98–100, 102–3
  13. Jeejeebhoy KN. Short bowel syndrome: a nutritional and medical approach. CMAJ. 2002;166(10):1297–1302
  14. Jeejeebhoy KN. Definition and mechanisms of diarrhoea. CMAJ. 1977;116:737–739
  15. Jostee Ca, Mustoe J, Collee G. Metoclopramide improves gastric motility in critical ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 1999;25(5):464–469
  16. Lewis SJ, Heaton KW. Stool form scale as a useful guide to intestinal transit time. Scan J Gastroenterol. 1997;32(9):920–924
  17. Lin HC, Van Citters GW. Stopping enteral feeding for arbitrary gastric residual volume may not be physiologically sound: results of a computer simulation model. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 1997;21(5):286–289
  18. Lukan J, McClave SA, Stefater A, Looney S, Matheson P, Gleeson K, et al. Poor validity of residual volumes as a marker for aspiration. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002;75:417S–418S
  19. Mallampalli A, McClave SA, Snider HL. Defining tolerance to enteral feeding in the intensive care unit. Clin Nutr. 2000;19(4):213–215
  20. Marshall AP, West SH. Enteral feeding in the critically ill: are nursing practices contributing to hypocaloric feeding?. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2006;22:95–105
  21. Mateo MA. Management of enteral tubes. Nursing management of enteral tube feeding. Heart Lung. 1996;25(4):318–323
  22. McClave SA, Snider HL, Lowen CC, McLaughlin AJ, Greene LM, McCombs RG, et al. Use of residual volume as a maker for enteral feeding intolerance: prospective blinded comparison with physical examination and radiographic findings. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 1992;16(2):99–105
  23. McClave SA, Sexton LK, Spain DA, Admas JL, Owens NA, Sullins MB, et al. Enteral tube feeding in the intensive care unit: factors impeding adequate delivery. Crit Care Med. 1999;27(7):1252–1256
  24. McClave SA, DeMeo MT, DeLegge MH, DiSario A, Heyland DK, Maloney JP, et al. North American Summit on aspiration in the critically ill patient: consensus statement. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 2002;26(6 (Suppl.)):S80–S85
  25. McClave SA, Snider HL. Clinical use of gastric residual volumes as a monitor for patients on enteral tube feedings. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 2002;26(6 (Suppl.)):S43–S48
  26. Metheny NA, Schallom ME, Edwards SJ. Effects of gastrointestinal motility and feeding tube site on aspiration risk in critically ill patients: a review. Heart Lung. 2004;33(3):131–145
  27. Metheny N. Minimizing respiratory complications of nasoenteric tube feedings: state of the science. Heart Lung. 1993;22:213–223
  28. Mori S, Takemura CS, Yamaguchi I. Verificaçao do volume residual gástrico em unidade de terapia intensiva. Rev Bras Enferm. 2003;56(6):661–664
  29. Murphy LM, Brickford V. Gastric residuals in tube feedings: how much is too much?. Nutr Clin Pract. 1999;14(6):304–306
  30. Pingleton SK. Nutrition in chronic critical illness. Clin Chest Med. 2001;22(1):149–163
  31. Pingleton SK, Hinthorn DR, Liu C. Enteral nutrition in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Multiple sources of tracheal colonization include the stomach. Am J Med. 1986;80(5):827–832
  32. Pinilla JC, Samphire J, Arnold C, Liu L, Thiessen B. Comparison of gastrointestinal tolerance to two enteral feeding protocols in critically ill patients: a prospective randomised controlled trial. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 2001;25(2):81–86
  33. Powell KS, Marcuad SP, Farrior ES, Gallagher ML. Aspirating gastric residuals causes occlusion of small-bore feeding tubes. J Parent Enteral Nutr. 1993;17:234–246
  34. Pullen RL. Measuring gastric residual volume. Nursing. 2004;34:18
  35. R Development Core Team . R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2006;[Available at: http://www.r-project.org/. Last accessed: January, 9th 2008]
  36. Ramsay MA, Savege TM, Simpson BR, Goodwin R. Controlled sedation with alphaxalone-alphadolone. Br Med J. 1974;2:656–659
  37. Rayner CK, Samsom M, Jones KL, Horowitz M. Relationships of upper gastrointestinal motor and sensory function with glycemic control. Diabetes Care. 2001;24(2):371–381
  38. Ritz MA, Fraser R, Edwards N, Di Matteo AC, Chapman M, Butler R, et al. Delayed gastric emptying in ventilated critically ill patients: measurement by 13 C-octanoic acid breath test. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1744–1749
  39. Samsom M, Akkermans LM, Jebbink RJ, van Isselt H, van-Berge-Henegouwen GP, Smout AJ. Gastrointestinal motor mechanisms in hyperglycaemia induced delayed gastric emptying in type I diabetes mellitus. Gut. 1997;40(5):641–646
  40. Stechmiller KJ, Treloar D, Allen N. Gut dysfunction in critically ill patients: a review of the literature. Am J Crit Care. 1997;6:204–209
  41. Steevens EC, Lipscomb AF, Poole GV, Sacks GS. Comparison of continuous vs. intermittent nasogastric enteral feeding in trauma patients: perceptions and practice. Nutr Clin Pract. 2002;17(2):118–122
  42. Valls-Miró C, Carreño-Granero A, Domingo-Felici CM, Martinez-Estalella G, Llusà-Finestres J, Asensio-Malo G, et al. Determinación del volumen gástrico residual: en busca de la mejor evidencia. Enfer Intensiva. 2006;17(4):154–162
  43. Van der Voort P, Zandstra D. Enteral feeding in the critically ill: comparison between the supine and prone positions. A prospective crossover study in mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care. 2001;5(4):216–220
  44. Williams TA, Leslie GD. A review of the nursing care of enteral feeding tubes in critically ill adults: part I. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2004;20:330–343
  45. Williams TA, Leslie GD. A review of the nursing care of enteral feeding tubes in critically ill adults: part II. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2005;21:5–15
  46. Zaloga GP. The myth of gastric residual volume. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(2):449–450
  47. Zhao J, Frokjaer JB, Drewes AM, Ejskjaer N. Upper gastrointestinal sensory-motor dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(18):2846–2857

PII: S0964-3397(09)00058-5

doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2009.06.004

Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
Volume 25, Issue 5 , Pages 258-267 , October 2009